The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion
Respond to at least two of your colleagues* on two different days by expanding on their explanation and providing an example that supports their explanation or respectfully challenging their explanation and providing an example.
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Response to discussion post 1
Thank you for your input on the subject matter. I support that using a cost-benefit analysis helps solve substantial political controversy in the United States. In specific, the analytical tool is vital for legislators during policy implementation. For legislators seeking re-election, it is essential to conduct an analysis of a policy before giving a position regarding the policy. According to Persad (2015)The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion, it involves scrutiny of the risks, benefits and costs associated with the policy, mainly for those they represent. As you mentioned, the repeal/replacement of the affordable care act has too many drawbacks than benefits for the American citizen.
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The Obama administration implemented the ACA policy to ensure the affordability of healthcare services for all Americans. But with the efforts to replace/replace the act, most Americans, predominantly minority groups and low-income earners, would lose access to quality healthcare services (Obama, 2017). Legislators who want to be re-elected must demonstrate their concern for the public. With this, it would mean that most republican legislators stand on the policy that would influence their re-election. Legislators seeking re-election must consider the preferences and opinions of those they should represent. With the public opposition to the repeal/replacement of the affordable care act, legislators that supported the bill had minimal chances of re-election. Therefore, most legislators, including republicans, opposed the repeal/replacement of the ACA for them to have support from the voters.
References
Obama, B. H. (2017). Repealing the ACA without a replacement — the risks to American Health Care. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(4), 297–299. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmp1616577
Persad, G. (2015). Priority setting, cost-effectiveness, and the Affordable Care Act. American Journal of Law & Medicine, 41(1), 119–166. https://doi.org/10.1177/0098858815591511 The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion
Response to discussion post 2
I agree that with legislators seeking re-election, a cost-benefit analysis will help guide them towards supporting or opposing specific policies affecting the public (Honohan, 2017). While most of the campaigns of a legislator seeking re-election are supported by the party, legislators recognize that the public opinion on policies affecting the citizens significantly determines re-election efforts. Therefore, for legislators seeking re-election, their decisions must be based on the citizen’s interest and benefit. This means that whether or not legislators get funding for their campaigns, their choices and manifestos must revolve around the public interest, preference and opinion.
This has been evident in the policy to repeal and replace the Obama act. The ACA was implemented to address the issue of equity in access to healthcare. However, the efforts to repeal/replace the show would see many Americans lose healthcare coverage and have limited access to healthcare services (Thompson et al., 2018)The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion. Consequently, the efforts faced substantial opposition from the public, and the voter view on the repeal/replacement of the ACA would significantly influence the legislators’ position. As such, many legislators, including republican legislators, would not support the repeal/replacement of the policy to be re-elected.
References
Honohan, P. (2017). Cancost–benefit analysis of financial regulation be made credible? Handbook of Research on Cost–Benefit Analysis. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781953204.00017
Thompson, F. J., Gusmano, M. K., & Shinohara, S. (2018). Trump and the affordable care act: Congressional repeal efforts, Executive Federalism, and program durability. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 48(3), 396–424. https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjy007 The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion
Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
The Patient Protective and Affordable Care Act was a policy that significantly revolutionized the healthcare system in the United States. The policy was aimed to enhance healthcare equity among all Americans regardless of race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status (Gaffney & McCormick, 2017). However, after the election of President Trump, the policy faced opposition, and there were efforts to repeal and replace the Act. Legislators’ position in the office on the Act influenced whether they were to be re-elected. This paper discusses how a cost-benefit analysis for reelection affected the replacement and repeal of the policy.
Cost-benefit analysis
The cost-benefit analysis by legislators in offices who wanted to be re-elected aimed to identify aspects, including policies that helped Americans. Those legislators supporting repealing and replacing the Act have slimmer chances of being re-elected to office as the amendment had negative aspects that affected American citizens. According to Thompson et al., 2018)The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion, the repeal/replacement would limit access to healthcare services, a major issue the ACA solved. In addition, repealing and replacing the ACA would increase healthcare costs and limit access to health coverage for minority groups and people of low socioeconomic status. To favor their reelection, most legislators leveraged on supporting the repeal and replace.
How analyses of the voter’s views may influence decisions on policies
The reelection of legislators in the house of Representatives and Senate greatly depends on the voters. Therefore, legislators must consider and support policies in the voter’s interest (Shor, 2018). Therefore, legislators support policies that benefit the voter as influenced by the voter. In this case, most legislators, including those from the Republican party, failed to support the repeal/replacement of the ACA.
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References
Gaffney, A., & McCormick, D. (2017). The Affordable Care Act: Implications for health-care equity. The Lancet, 389(10077), 1442–1452. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30786-9
Shor, B. (2018). Ideology, party, and opinion: Explaining individual legislator ACA implementation votes in the States. State Politics & Policy Quarterly, 18(4), 371–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/1532440018786734
Thompson, F. J., Gusmano, M. K., & Shinohara, S. (2018). Trump and the affordable care act: Congressional repeal efforts, Executive Federalism, and program durability. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 48(3), 396–424. https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjy007 The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion
Instructions:
Please, respond to the following two discussion Posts. Use my discussion post above that was written by writer ID # 5084 on Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act to respond to the 2 posts below. Respond to each separately and each should have at least 2 references.
Respond to at least two of your colleagues* on two different days by expanding on their explanation and providing an example that supports their explanation or respectfully challenging their explanation and providing an example.
Discussion Post 1
Cost-Benefit Analysis in Terms of Legislators Being Reelected Affected Efforts to Repeal/Replace the ACA.
The cost-benefit analysis in terms of legislator reelection was critical in efforts to repeal/replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Lawmakers had to evaluate the advantages of repealing the ACA, such as reduced government expenditure, against the risks of alienating people who rely on the ACA for healthcare coverage.
Public opinion, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation (2017), a non-profit organization focused on national health concerns, had a key effect in the ACA repeal efforts. According to the foundation’s polls, the majority of Americans are opposed to repealing the ACA, and many are anxious about losing access to affordable healthcare coverage. Lawmakers who backed the repeal movement risked losing support from their constituencies, perhaps jeopardizing their reelection chances.
Furthermore, the cost-benefit study took into account the political ramifications of repealing the ACA. According to the New York Times, many Republicans who opposed the ACA repeal worried retribution from their voters as well as possible bad consequences for their party’s brand (Pear & Kaplan, 2017). As a result, lawmakers had to evaluate the advantages of repealing the ACA against the political consequences of doing so.
Finally, the cost-benefit analysis in terms of lawmaker reelection played a big part in efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Lawmakers had to evaluate the advantages of repealing the ACA against the costs of alienating supporters and jeopardizing their reelection chances, as well as the possible bad impacts on their party’s reputation The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion.
How the Voters Views May Affect Decision by Legislative Leaders
Analyses of voter attitudes can have a considerable influence on legislative leaders’ decisions to endorse or promote national policy. Legislators must consider public opinion when making policy choices affecting programs such as Medicare or Medicaid. This is especially essential in the context of healthcare policy, where public opinion may have a significant impact on legislative choices.
Healthcare policy is a topic that voters care significantly about, according to Blendon and Benson (2018), and their opinions on healthcare policy can impact their voting behavior. As a result, legislative leaders must consider the perspectives of their constituents when making healthcare policy choices. This involves evaluating polls and surveys to gain a better understanding of public opinion on healthcare policy problems such as Medicare and Medicaid.
Furthermore, legislative leaders must evaluate the impact of their actions on their re-election prospects. According to Jacobs and Shapiro (2000), political politicians that respond to public opinion on subjects like healthcare policy are more likely to be re-elected. As a result, legislative leaders may be more likely to support policies that correspond with the views of their voters on healthcare policy, especially if they believe such views would impact their re-election prospects.
Finally, assessments of voter attitudes can have a substantial influence on legislative leaders’ judgments when advocating or presenting national policy. Legislators must consider public opinion when making policy choices affecting programs such as Medicare or Medicaid. This involves reviewing polls and surveys to better understand public opinion on healthcare policy problems, as well as considering the impact of their actions on their re-election prospects.
Reference:
Blendon, R. J., & Benson, J. M. (2018). Healthcare in the 2018 midterm elections: The voters’ verdict. New England Journal of Medicine, 379(19), 1787-1789.
Jacobs, L. R., & Shapiro, R. Y. (2000). Politicians don’t pander: Political manipulation and the loss of democratic responsiveness. University of Chicago Press
Kaiser Family Foundation. (2017). The Public’s Health Care Agenda for the 115th Congress. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/health-reform/poll-finding/the-publics-health-care-agenda-for-the-115th-congress/Links to an external site.
Pear, R., & Kaplan, T. (2017, July 28). Senate rejects slimmed-down Obamacare repeal as McCain votes no. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/us/politics/senate-obamacare-repeal-vote.htmlLinks to an external site. The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion
Discussion post 2
Cost-benefit Analysis and Efforts of Re-elected
When assessing the stance legislators up for re-election take on the affordable care act (ACA), cost-benefit analysis goes hand in hand with efforts made toward changes. According to Milstead and Short (2019), “money is critical to election and reelection campaigns” (p. 46). They recognize that often times many campaigns are funded by committees and special interest groups that can further complicate agendas for elected officials. There are many different implications to revising the affordable care act along with different viewpoints of voters, yet it continues to be a discussion throughout each re-election period. Because the affordable care act has increased healthcare access for millions of Americans, especially Americans with lower income, legislators have to evaluate how revisions will impact their current supporters and ultimately the impact it will have on future re-election for them (Rapfogel et al., 2020)The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion.
Voters Views and Legislative Decisions
Knowing that there are arguably both pro’s and cons to repealing the affordable care act, legislators have to utilize a cost-benefit analysis when developing presidential agendas and as a result voter’s views often have an impact on legislative decisions. Since the ACA was established in 2010, there has been a lot of discussion about the overall cost of health care services and coverage. Studies and polls have shown majority of people do not feel it has done much to reduce costs of healthcare (Brodie et al., 2020). However, when discussions of repeal get put into action, legislators are having difficulty making revisions due to concern with public anxiety and the individuals who may be negatively impacted. Healthcare cost continues to be one of the biggest discussion points around healthcare reform in the United States. Although reform efforts have been unsuccessful thus far, likely any future changes made will be small and affect small percentages of the population.
When analyzing repeal of the affordable care act, one of the major factors policy makers and legislators take into account is the specific population groups who will be impacted. As republicans continue to fight to repeal the ACA revisions could result in millions losing health care coverage, difficulties for the elderly obtaining quality home care placements, and increased healthcare costs mostly for the lower and middle class (The United States Government, 2023). Services like preventative care and prescription drug coverage could also become a finance problem for individuals and result in increased mortality rates for conditions that would have been better treated without the implications of reform. All of these factors show the complexity behind healthcare in America and the differing views between each political party make it difficult to find an easy solution. Ultimately politicians are aiming for public approval and don’t always consider how people are going to be affected but more so how their actions are going to get them reelected in the future (Milstead & Short, 2019)The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion.
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References
Brodie, M., Hamel, E. C., Kirzinger, A., & Altman, D. E. (2020). The past, present, and possible future of public opinion on the ACA. Health Affairs, 39(3). https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01420
Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Rapfogel, N., Gee, E., & Calsyn, M. (2020, March 23). 10 ways the ACA has improved health care in the past decade. Center for American Progress. Retrieved March 9, 2023, from https://www.americanprogress.org/article/10-ways-aca-improved-health-care-past-decade/
The United States Government. (2023, February 28). Fact sheet: The congressional republican agenda: Repealing the affordable care act and slashing Medicaid. The White House. Retrieved March 9, 2023, from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/02/28/fact-sheet-the-congressional-republican-agenda-repealing-the-affordable-care-act-and-slashing-medicaid/ The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Discussion